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Fertility rite
Fertility rites are religious rituals that reenact, either actually or symbolically, sexual acts and/or reproductive processes: 'sexual intoxication is a typical component of the...rites of the various functional gods who control reproduction, whether of man, beast, cattle, or grains of seed'.〔Max Weber, ''The Sociology of Religion'' (London 1965) p. 236〕
They may alternatively involve the sacrifice of 'a primal animal, which must be sacrificed in the cause of fertility or even creation',〔Aniela Jaffé, in C. G. Jung, ''Man and his Symbols'' (1978) p. 264〕 while there is evidence that 'prehistoric mother worship in the form of fertility rites is tied to human sacrifice'.〔Benjamin Beit-Hallahmi, ''Psychoanalytic Studies of Religion'' (1996) p. 163〕
==Characteristics==
"Fertility rites may occur in calendric cycles, as rites of passage within the life cycle, or as ad hoc rituals....Commonly fertility rituals are embedded within larger-order religions or other social institutions."〔Thomas Barfield, ''The Dictionary of Anthropology'' (1997) p. 184〕
As with cave pictures"() show animals at the point of mating...() served magic fertility rites", such rites are "...a form of sympathetic magic"〔Jaffé, p. 261〕 in which the forces of nature are to be influenced by the example acted out in the ritual. At times, "ceremonies intended to assure the fecundity of the earth or of a group of women...involve some form of phallic worship".〔Willard Bohn, ''Apollinaire and the Faceless Man'' (1991) p. 66〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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